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Destination Turkey.

The two mighty neighbors Turkey and Iran have a heavy mutual influence on each other, due to geographical proximity, economic benefits, linguistic and ethnic relations. They were also regional rivals at some stage of history and fought each other for influence and power. In modern times, the relation has been peaceful and friendly.  Football formed part of this peaceful relationship and also created a regional rivalry.

The Turkish association with European football and its membership in UEFA, has immensely benefitted its development. The Turkish national team, despite making it to the World Cup twice only in their history (1954 & 2002), was always considered to be better and stronger than Iran's Team Melli from the early 50s. Those days, the two countries played a lot of football against each other including a regional tournament called RCD which was a three side annual tournament that also included Pakistan in the 60s.

However, like many things after the 1979 revolution, with Iran's major change of political ideology, the two countries experienced less than a cozy relationship, football naturally suffered from this cold relation and the two countries cut off their football connection. Neither side showed any interest in playing friendlies against the other, no doubt politics playing a major role in the break of footballing relationship.

Meanwhile, Turkish football, at club level at least, was thriving. The trio, Galatasaray, Fenerbahce, and Besiktas were as good as many first-rate  European clubs. With financial clout and huge fan bases, Turkey became the focus of attention and the destination of many foreign players.  For years, the Turkish clubs employed the services of European, African and Latin American footballers, those included some household names in football. However, the majority of the big name European signings were players at the twilight of their careers who were there for a last-ditch attempt to enrich their bank accounts before hanging their boots rather than seeking glory.  The success of the policy of the Turkish clubs in attracting high profile aging footballers was mixed perhaps moderately successful at best.

What the Turkish club ignored was the abundance of talents on the eastern and southern borders. Iran and to a certain extent, Iraq had a wealth of young talents that were there for the taking. Since the late nineties, European clubs, particularly the German realized that as a number of the best Iranian players were employed by clubs like Bayern Munich , Hamburg, Hertha Berlin, and Arminia Bielefeld While talented Iraqi players headed south to the Persian Gulf states. At no time, the Turks endeavored to attract Iranians and Iraqis to play for their teams, although it would have been a good investment and certainly cheaper for them too.

By the beginning of the second decade of the millennium, The Turkish clubs, at last, looked at Iran. There had to be something special in that country's football that can generate quality players for Team Melli.  With shoestring budgets, Iranian clubs managed to continuously deliver talented players thus enriching Team Melli and many 0f those young players eventually heading outside Iran to play professional football. In the process, Iran has made 4 appearances in the FIFA World Cup after a break of 20 years since the initial one in 1978, but also steadily climbed in the FIFA World Ranking to approach the elites. Meanwhile, Turkey managed one appearance in 2002.

That made the Turkish clubs think hard and employ scouts to talent hunt in Iran and seek bargains and future investments from the Persians.

For the Iranians, Turkey is the perfect destination for a professional player. The culture, the climate and the proximity of the two countries make it an ideal place to play football, to develop and to make a decent living.  Although the flood gates had hardly opened on the Iranians, the Turkish clubs are beginning to be shrewd as they are constantly on the lookout for talented players even as young as 18 years old. In the case of Allahyar Sayyadmanish, who was hardly a fixed player in his club Esteghlal, such investment could turn out to be a clever an astute move by Fenerbahçe. The giant Turkish club is now seeking the services of the 19 years old Iraqi forward Muhanad Ali Kadhim from Al Shorta Club.

It is a win-win situation for both sides. Iranian Players can develop well in Turkey with training facilities and passionate fans enhancing the league to become one of the best in Europe. It is certainly the right environment for aspiring young Iranian and Iraqi players.

 

Allahyar Sayyadmanesh, is an 11th Iranian footballer in Turkey.

Naser Sadeghi (Galatasaray / Konyaspor) Mohammad Khakpour (Vanspor) Reza Shahroudi (Altay) Sohrab Bakhtiarizadeh (Erzurumspor) Mohammad Moemeni (Erzurumspor) Hamed Kavianpour (Kayserispor) Sajjad Şhahbazzade (Alanyaspor) ♣ Payam Sadeghian (Osmanlıspor) ♣ Vahid Amiri (Trabzonspor) ♣ Majid Hosseini (Trabzonspor) ♣

♣ currently active.

Team Melli and Omid Team will set up joint Training camp.

Iran's Team Melli and Omid Team will be setting training camps at the same time and end up playing a friendly match after the conclusion of the camp at the national teams' Training camp in Tehran.

From 10th to the 15th of July, there will be a busy period for the national football federation teams in the training camps. The objective of this Team Melli camp includes further familiarization by Marc Wilmots with the team members.  Wilmots will be unable to call upon the foreign-based players of Team Melli and has to contend with the domestic league players.

However, in order for the Belgian coach to gain more knowledge of his players and to make changes as he deems necessary, this will be a good opportunity for him to discover further talents and proceed on his changes by allowing younger players the chance to perform.

Wilmots hopes to have a more solid idea for the team formation for the month of September and to organize a game on the official FIFA day. In the last two friendlies,  Wilmots used a mix of AFC Asian Cup and World Cup players in both the Syria and South Korean games. He is working on the team's weaknesses, including defending, and said he was looking to fix the team gradually. Nevertheless, Wilmots said he is pleased with his team performance in the last two matches, his first at the helm of Iran, and in his recent interview, he said that he is glad that former national team coach, Carlos Queiroz.he had left a good legacy for him.

On the other ground, there will be also another national team training. Iran's Omid Team Olympics hopefuls will set up camp at the same time sharing the facilities with the senior team.  Farhad Majidi , who has already set up a training camp in June, is looking to further improve the team for the much tougher assignment in Thailand in the qualifiers of the Olympics.

He will be focused on technical and psychological issues of the squad, which will mainly consist of previous players from the Omid team's past camps. Majidi will continue to invite new players for the camp, especially since there will be tough competition for places and players need to show their ability to be part of the Omid Team, Majidi said.

The young head coach of the Omid team who is hoping to qualify for the Olympic Games is looking forward to the match with the senior team. Wilmots and Majidi teams will play a competitive friendly at the end of the five-day camps, which is likely to be played on No. 2 ground that has a natural grass surface.

It is also likely that Pejman Montazeri, who has just announced his retirement from international football, will be honored and appreciated by his teammates in the same camp. Montazeri played for Team Melli for about 10 years and has represented Iran in the World Cup and Asian Cup.

Allahyar Sayyadmanesh signs for Turkish club Fenerbahçe.

Team Melli youngest debutant and scorer, and former Esteghlal striker has joined  Turkish club Fenerbahçe.

 

Allahyar Sayyadmanesh signed a 3-year contract with the 19 times Turkish Super League champion.  The 18-year-old Iranian national who played last season in Esteghlal, signed his contract in Istanbul. The contract is worth 850,000 euros, with options for a further 3-year extension and a bonus of 270,000 euros.

Fenerbahçe is one of the most successful and best supported football teams in Turkey. Currently, the club is managed by the Turkish coach Kazim Ersun Yanal. In the last season of the Turkish  Süper Lig, Fenerbahçe ended the season in a disappointing 6th place missing on European competition this coming season.

 

Expressing his joy and excitement for being transferred to Fenerbahce Sayyadmanesh said, "I'm very happy to come to such a large community and a club with great supporters. I will do my utmost best in everything to achieve success and glory for the club. Nobody should doubt that I will do anything to win with this club until the last drop of my blood. " 

Sayyadmanesh explained the process and details of the transfer and said:  

"From the moment I heard the interest of Fenerbahce, I knew I was going to join a great big club, but I started to study the club even more. After I turned 18, I had no doubt where I wanted to go and my confirmation was quick and I signed to officially join this great club. " 

Sayyadmanesh will be joining a number of famous players like Victor Moses, the Nigerian National Team player who was previously with Chelsea, the Moroccan international Nabil Dhirar, The Chilean international Mauricio Aníbal Isla and the Brazilain Jailson.

The 2019–20 Süper Lig, officially called the Spor Toto Süper Lig Cemil Usta season, will start on16 August 2019.

 

Iran through after surviving Lebanon challenge

The-afc.com

Tabriz:  Iran needed extra time to see off the plucky challenge of Lebanon, winning 3-2 to seal their place in the semi-finals of the AFC U-20 Futsal Championship IR Iran 2019 on Tuesday.

Iran will play Japan in Thursday's semi-final after the East Asians defeated 2017 runners-up Iraq in their last eight tie earlier on Tuesday.

The other semi-final will see Indonesia taking on Afghanistan.

Iran entered the match as clear favorites after progressing into the quarter-finals undefeated as Group A winners. On top of that, the host nation had also beaten Lebanon two years ago at the same stage.

Lebanon, meanwhile, lost to Thailand two days ago to finish Group B runners-up, but were looking to shock Iran.

The opening minutes were equal but Iran gradually gained more possession of the ball as the game wore on, and were creating more opportunities with their quick passes.

In one such instance in the eighth minute, Iran forced the Lebanon players to come forward leaving unmarked Ali Aghapour plenty of space and time to send the ball past goalkeeper Victor Hanna Gerges for Iran to take the lead.

Lebanon, however, were undaunted and kept pressing and despite not finding the equalizer, would have taken heart from the fact that they only trailed by one at the half-time break.

Iran’s dominance continued well into the second half but failed to increase their lead thanks to a rock solid Lebanese defending.

Sahand Rezapour came close to doubling Iran’s lead in the 34th minute after beating two defenders but smashed his right-footed effort against the post.

 

Determined to extend their stay in the AFC U-20 Futsal Championship, Lebanon sent on Hussein Hamieh as the power player in the 38th minute and his impact was instant.

Iranian goalkeeper Mohammadali Niknamtoghabe, who had been untroubled for most of the second period, was called into action moments later to pull off a double save to deny Hamieh and Mohamad Elkaisst.

Iran were left to rue their missed opportunities when Lebanon’s Jamal Selwan found the back of the net with a quick twist and turn strike, to force extra time.

 

The woodwork continued to be Iran’s main adversary in extra time, as Rezapour struck the upright again after Reza Ghanbarisaeidabad’s free-kick deflected off the Lebanese wall in the 43rd minute.

It took Iran 37 minutes to find their second goal, and Aghapour received all the credit with his crackling strike from near the half-line mark into the top right corner of the net that left Hanna Gerges rooted to the ground.

Aghapour turned provider in the 48th minute through a corner set-piece, and Ghanbarisaeidabad directed the ball into the net with ease to make it 3-1.

Captain Steve Koukezian pulled one back a minute later, but Lebanon still suffered heartbreak as Iran held on to book their place in the last four.


Hamid Moghadam: IR Iran head coach

“I don’t know why this happens to Iranian teams a lot when the easiest game becomes the hardest game. Maybe it’s got to do with the mentality, and we need to change that. I didn’t expect such a hard game, and that the match would be a draw. We lost so many chances, and if we had utilized our chances, we wouldn’t have been under pressure. Not scoring goals and the ball not going into the area is two different things. We had created many chances, and sometimes you’re unlucky in scoring. We hit the crossbar so many times I lost count, but that’s futsal."

Tarek Rizk: Lebanon head coach

“Honestly, after the match against Thailand, people said this would be the easiest quarter-final. I told my players that it was not my team against Thailand, and we tried to adjust it. Previously, we knew we couldn’t compete with Thailand, and Iran wasn’t far from it. So we adjusted our mistakes and defended from our hearts and mind. I’m so proud of my boys, so proud that the Lebanese futsal committee trusted me and I hope that we have given a good image of Lebanese futsal as we look forward.”

Estili "No restrictions on selection of dual nationality players for Omid Team"

The director of the Omid team Hamid Estili announced that there is no restriction whatsoever for using Iranians who are born abroad or have dual citizenship for  Team Omid

Estili said: "I think we have proven quite firmly that there is no difference for us. There are a lot of dual citizenship players who are introduced to us every now and then. first of all, we review their legitimacy and age-appropriate conditions. If the player has the necessary qualifications as per international standards and FIFA rules and their performances are approved by the coaching team, there is no restriction on selecting them for the team. In the previous camps, we invited some players e conditions, and this time we are witnessing the presence of two other players. If they are deemed to be fit for the Omid Team a

and their standards are good enough then they will be part of the team. We want the best players to be selected for the Omid team.

Hamid Estili commented on the recently concluded training camp for Iran U23 team and said: "Fortunately, we had a great camp and we monitored the performance of all the players for 3 days. The technical staff was happy with the camp's conditions, especially since some of these players were not invited. We tried to invite many of the players in the First and Second Division leagues even lower age groups leagues in the camp and evaluate their performance, which I think was a success. In my opinion, some of the players we saw in the camp can definitely help us and are invited to meet the needs of the technical staff."

Farhad Majidi has been selected as the head coach of Omid team with the goal of qualifying for the Tokyo 2020 Olympics games.

 

Farhad Majidi "I am confident that we will qualify for the Olympics"

In his first interview with the media following his surprise appointment as head coach of Omid team, Farhad Majidi insisted that he will take this U23 team to the Olympics 2020.

 "When they first discussed the offer to coach Omid Team, you probably do not believe me if I say that without thinking and hesitation, I accepted the offer " Majidi Said. " I'm sure the team will succeed with these young players and will qualify for the Olympics Games after decades of absence.»

Indeed, these were extraordinary claims by a coach who has barely a few weeks experience in Esteghlal club as a stand-in after the departure of Shaefer. The press asked him a few questions regarding his appointment and plans. Here is a brief detail of the Q & A session

Q "Many people believe that you do not have the required coaching experience "

A "If the reasoning is the discussion of the experience in terms of the number of matches, it is quite an appropriate assumption. A coach needs to gain experience. It is true that I do not have much experience in coaching, but I worked with great coaches during my football career and I was in FC Espanyol for six months."

Q "Tell us about your abrupt departure from Esteghlal?".

A. "Esteghlal is my home and part of my life and my heart, but under the circumstances, the directors decided to hire a foreign coach. I'm glad that a great coach has been hired for my beloved team and I thank Fathi for choosing this coach. I personally witnessed his efforts (the director of Esteghlal Club) to hire a great foreign coach."Majidi in Espanyol

Q. "Why did not you work with Stramachoni??"

A. "He will have three assistants. So, Omid team coaching was proposed, I thought so much about that. Managing a national team is a new experience for me and I wanted to experiment myself. I believe we have to work hard to get things big, and in the team, this effort will be increased. I believe that there is nothing that I wanted to achieve that I missed. Rest assured that I will do my best to make the Olympics after many years."

Q. "How did you pick the Omid Team players list?"

A. "Be assured that all the good players at this age group will be given a chance in Omid Team. I will be watching each players' matches too. Even with the start of the 1st and 2nd division league competition, I will be traveling to the various cities so that no player is left out of my sight. The current players are those who had previously trained in the Omid team and were seen by Estili and the technical committee. The players are scheduled to be in a six-day training camp, but rest assured that all good players will be considered for Omid Team."

Q. "Can you give some explanation about why Reza Shahroudi and Sohrab BakhtiariZadeh left Omid Team?".

A. "I would have been very happy to work with these friends, but before my arrival, they spoke with Estili and they expressed their intention not to be interested in working with the Omid team."

Q. "What about the lack of coordination between the National Olympic Committee and the Football Federation in the matter of your appointment ?"

A. "In this regard, I do not see any problem, and this has happened before my time, but I spoke with Salehi Amiri (chairman of the National Olympic Committee) several times, and he expressed his full support. Be assured, that the National Olympic Committee will be fully supportive of me. I was not fully aware of all the events that you are referring to, but during several contacts with Salehi Amiri, he asked me to lead the Omid team and I do not think there is a problem. Salehi Amiri is a well-educated and good Iranian sports director who can help Omid."

Q. "Have you planned any friendly games?"

A. "In this regard, we have to have a coordination meeting with all stakeholders, but at the moment,  because the Persian Gulf League program has not been published yet, we can not fully plan our training and matches scheduled. We intend to have friendly matches and we will have a friendly match with Team Melli. As long as the League program is not fully announced, we can not finalize our plans."

Q. "In your list, there are people who have been invited to the Omid team for the first time."

A. "I will observe all the players, including those who play outside of Iran and invite them to the national team if they deserve it. Be rest assured this team is going to the Olympics."

  There is a lot of assurances given by Majidi in this interview, which is indicative of his sheer lack of experience and tact. The fact remains that Farhad Majidi is alarmingly short of experience to coach a club in the top division, let alone a national team. for over 40 years, Iran has missed qualifying for the Olympics and one prime reason for that was the federation's poor selection in appointing a competent coach and given the coach enough time and resources to prepare. The lack of support and reluctance of most clubs to release their players at this age level is one of the common reasons that most experienced coaches that FFIRI has nominated, turned down the job of coaching Omid Team. Failure will affect the future and the reputation of such a coach. Majidi, on the other hand, has no reputation to protect, but what he is overlooking is that his failure with Omid Team will set him back a few years in his coaching career. Clubs don't employ losers and he has a lot at stake with this move It is very clear that FFIRI and the best efforts of Hamid Estili, Omid Team Manager, to attract a leading coach for Iran's Olympics Team (Omis) has failed. Majidi was never on the list, but out of desperate necessity and his availability (out of a job) made him an easy choice. Not exactly how championships teams are built, but with all sincerity, Majidi thinks he can do it! Iranians are naturally wary of people giving them assurances and promises.  Majidi seems to be one of them.  It remains to be seen if behind this self-confidence of his if there is any substance and ability or he has some plans for miracles up his sleeves. Will he really manage to shock the nation by qualifying for the Tokyo 2010 Olympics tournament? The odds are 1: 200 or around that but there is no harm in hooping and a few prayers! The last time Iran made an appearance in the Olympics Football tournament was back in the Shah days in 1976 Montreal Olympics.    

Iran U-20 Futsal qualifies for the Quarter Finals.

The-afc.com

Tabriz:

Iran overcame a spirited challenge from Afghanistan to top Group A of the AFC U-20 Championship IR Iran 2019 with a 3-2 win over their Central Asian neighbors on Sunday. In the first match of the group Iran defeated Hong Kong 6 -3

Iran, who are looking to defend the title won in 2017, will face Lebanon in the quarter-finals while Afghanistan will take on Group B winners Thailand on Tuesday.

Afghanistan knew that if they were to clinch the title, they would have to see off the challenge of Asia’s biggest teams and in Iran, they were up against the tournament favorites and defending champions.

Afghanistan took the game to Iran, but the hosts were up for everything that was thrown at them, setting the stage for an exciting contest.

Backed by a partisan crowd, Iran were in front just three minutes in when Masoud Yousef Shavardazi outmuscled Hassan Ali Jafari at the half-line mark before surging forward and beating ‘keeper Mohammad Javad Safari from a tight angle.

Afghanistan could have, and should have, equalized a minute later when Jafari dispossessed Ali Akrami and set up Hamid Reza Hossaini for a sitter, but the forward opted to place the ball and missed by inches.

The intensity of the match was reflected by the fouls Afghanistan had accrued but they dominated possession as Iran were forced to defend deep.

After 15 minutes of constant pressure, Afghanistan found their equalizer through Ali Arab Zada, who connected to Seyed Hossein Mousavi’s perfectly timed pass in front of the goalmouth to ensure the scores were level at the break.

Iran, however, showed their class when Sahand Rezapour fended off Farzad Mahmoodi and sent the ball to Reza Ghanbarisaeidbad, who controlled the ball with confidence before slotting home in the 30th minute.

A moment of sheer brilliance by Shavardazi saw the host nation double their lead after he dribbled past two defenders and let loose an unstoppable strike a minute later.

A sixth foul was almost unavoidable for Afghanistan in such a physically-tensed match, and 35 minutes in, Iran were awarded a spot-kick from the second penalty spot but Aghapour missed an opportunity to extend the lead as he shot wide.

Mojtaba Mohammadi was sent on as the power player in the 38th minute and he delivered just moments later but a third goal which would have seen Afghanistan emerge as group winners proved elusive as Iran held on for the three points.

Hamid Moghadam: IR Iran head coach

“We were expecting such a tough and hard game. I had already said from the beginning that the hardest game would be against Afghanistan because they understand Iranian futsal very well. Afghanistan has got a really good team, you will see how they will perform against other teams, but our strategy (in this game) was to push them, not 100 percent, but enough to lose the ball. In this tournament, all the teams are performing very well, but our aim is to claim the title once again."

Abdul Razaq Momrak: Afghanistan head coach

“Congratulations to Iran for winning this game. I’m satisfied with my players performance in this match. We lost this match, because they had more experience. Our tactic for this match was to press them from the beginning. We still anticipate to win the next game, and the next, and the Championship.”

Speculations about Azmoun transfer to Lazio!

A few days after some websites reported that Team Melli and Zenit St. Petersburg striker Sardar Azmoun is wanted by the Italian Seria A club Lazio, no confirmation has been issued by either sides or the players himself.

Azmoun has been linked with a sensational move from Russian club Zenit Saint Petersburg to Italian Serie A giants SS Lazio.

Sardar performance this season with Zenit since his January transfer from FC Rubin Kazan , was nothing but sheer excellence. He has scored 12 goals in 16 games helping Sergei Semak’s side lift the Russian Premier League title and qualifying for the UEFA Champions Leauge 2019/20.

While the striker was missing for the Team Melli two friendly games against Syria and South Korea for a slight knock, the speculations were rife about plans for his transfer to Italy.

Azmoun, who has been previously linked with the Italian club in the past seasons, has recently signed a contract with FC Zenit which would make such transfer little complicated for Lazio.

It is quite unlikely for Azmoun to leave Zenit after such a short stay.

AFC U-20 Futsal 2019 Championship - Iran determined to defend the title.

The 2019 AFC U-20 Championship, the second edition of AFC U-20 Futsal Championship, the biennial international futsal championship is hosted by Iran between 14–22 June 2019. A total of 12 teams will participate in the tournament.

Iran are the defending champions.

Tabriz: Iran are entering the 2019 AFC U-20 Futsal Championship as hosts and defending champions but for head coach Hamid Moghadam, that won't be an advantage. When Iran lifted the inaugural AFC U-20 Championship title 2017, Moghadam was assistant to Ali Sanei, but the head coach says much has improved in Asian futsal since Iran’s 2017 triumph and he believes his team face a huge challenge.

“Although we were champions of the previous edition, futsal has developed in Asia,” said Moghadam during the Pre-Match Press Conference in Tabriz on Thursday.

“In the U-20 category, we can’t compare and judge an edition with the other. However, our expectation is to win the championship, and we know that other teams have the same goals. However, we are determined to win the title again."

Iran open their campaign against Hong Kong, who entered the Finals as replacements for Saudi Arabia, on Friday.

It is a tie that Hong Kong head coach Chan Fei Tat described as a tough challenge, but the East Asians have prepared for the defending champions.

“We are very happy and lucky to be in the Finals,” Chan admitted. “Although we only had two months of preparation, our team is ready.

“We watched videos of Iran and how they played in the previous tournament. We will arrange a suitable approach for that. We are up against really strong teams in this group, but we will do our best to reach the knockout stage.”

Afghanistan will have the advantage of witnessing their group rivals in action before they take on Hong Kong, and head coach Abdul Razaq Momrak said his team are determined to shine.

“Qualifying for this tournament is important for us, it is a motivation,” said Momrak.

“Although we had a short preparation, we want to bring joy and happiness to the Afghan people through this tournament. Every victory is an achievement for our people.”

 

Fixtures

Group Stage
Venue: Pour Sharifi Indoor Stadium, Tabriz,
Friday, 14 June 2019      Hong Kong  vs.  Iran    @ 19:30
Sunday, 16 June 2019  Iran vs. Afghanistan   @ 19:30

Wilmots will continue his offensive style for Team Melli

Team Melli's head coach said that his team will continue playing an offensive style.

Marc Wilmots said in a post-match press conference after drawing 1-1 with South Korea " although it was a friendly game , in my opinion, it was a highly competitive match played at high level in front of a capacity stadium. Both teams showed a lot of resolve. I think the fans were quite satisfied and happy to watch such a match, in which  lot of opportunities were created by both teams.

Wilmots spoke about his experience in confronting South Korea in the 2014 World Cup and the difference between the two games: "I think the conditions are not comparable to this game. Currently, the league has ended for several weeks, but the Korean league is ongoing. Nevertheless, Iranian players were able to play a great game. They fought for every ball and were truly competitive.

The team's head coach noted that "our team will continue to attack. The Iranian team is a complete team and everyone is important and influential." Wilmots also said: "We had a good game. Although the match was friendly, it had a high quality. Congratulations to Bento on this game because his team had a lot of coordination and played good football. We observed how both teams wanted to win and saw an offensive display. My team prevented the Koreans from controlling the game. It's good that we had almost 10 scoring chances."

In response to a question about Iran's four wins against South Korea since the last time Korea won, Wilmots said: "These match can not be compared. The atmosphere of each game is different. Each game can have different conditions and circumstances. We tried to win this game. In the future, the same attitude will continue, and we will be offer more offensive options."